What are some common signs of Addison's disease?

Addison's disease, also known as primary adrenal insufficiency, arises from insufficient production of glucocorticoids and, in some cases, mineralocorticoids from the adrenal glands. The symptoms associated with Addison's disease are a direct result of this hormone deficiency.

Fatigue is one of the hallmark signs of Addison's disease, stemming from the body's inability to produce adequate amounts of cortisol, which is crucial for energy metabolism and stress response. Weight loss often occurs because of decreased appetite and the body’s inability to process nutrients properly. Low blood pressure, or hypotension, is another common feature due to the lack of aldosterone, which helps regulate sodium and water balance in the body. The darkening of the skin, known as hyperpigmentation, occurs due to increased production of melanin in response to elevated ACTH levels, as the body attempts to stimulate the adrenal glands that are not functioning properly.

In contrast, increased appetite and weight gain, headaches and rapid heart rate, as well as severe thirst and frequent urination, are not characteristic of Addison's disease. These symptoms may relate to other types of endocrine disorders or health issues, but they do not align with the classic clinical picture of Addison’s disease. Thus, the comprehensive and